Multimodal Adaptive Rock-Climbing Robot by Beihang University: Overcoming Terrain Challenges

Exploration of extraterrestrial bodies demands advanced robotic capabilities, particularly for navigating rugged terrains such as steep cliffs, mountainous regions, and caves. Researchers from Beihang University have developed the Multimodal Adaptive Rock-Climbing Robot (MARCBot), which integrates bio-inspired attachment mechanisms and versatile locomotion modes, offering innovative solutions for deep space exploration, disaster rescue, and geological surveys.

Drawing inspiration from beetle tarsi, avian talons, and mammalian hooves, the team designed the SPASAS gripper—a semi-passively actuated, spiny gripper with features like rapid attachment, high surface adaptability, and significant load capacity. MARCBot employs a novel quasi-whole-body control (Q-WBC) algorithm, enabling it to switch seamlessly between fast terrestrial locomotion and stable climbing on inclined or vertical surfaces. This control system enhances stability and reduces energy consumption during complex maneuvers.

Experimental results demonstrate MARCBot’s capability to climb 70° slopes at 0.22 m/min and 90° vertical surfaces at 0.15 m/min. Its multimodal design ensures superior adaptability and efficiency compared to its counterparts, making it highly effective across varied and challenging terrains.

Published in the renowned journal Advanced Science, this breakthrough positions MARCBot as a key player in planetary exploration, field operations, and scientific expeditions.